绝经后阴道出血210例临床分析

Postmenopausal bleeding:a clinical analysis of 210 cases

目的探讨绝经后阴道出血(postmenopausal bleeding,PMB)的病因、诊断方法及防治。方法回顾性分析210例PMB患者的临床和病理资料。结果引起PMB原因:良性疾病占69.5%,其中感染性疾病49.5%,非器质性病20.5%,恶性肿瘤占10.0%。恶性肿瘤发病年龄(67.1±6.9)岁、绝经年限(11.6±2.9)年、出血持续时间(157.6±26.4)d、子宫内膜厚度(14.6±3.2)mm,与良性疾病及非器质性病差异有统计学意义(P<0.05),而孕次、产次间差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。结论绝经后阴道出血的主要原因是良性疾病,其次是非器质性疾病。对发病年龄大、绝经时间及出血持续时间长、子宫内膜厚度明显增厚的PMB患者应警惕其恶性肿瘤的发生。

Objective To investigate the causes, diagnostic methods, prevention and cure of postmenopausal bleeding（PMB）. Methods The clinical and pathological data of 210 PMB patients admitted in this hospital were retrospectively analyzed. Results The causes for PMB were benign diseases（69.5 % ）, the most of which were infectious diseases（ 49.5 % ）, non-organic disease（20.5 % ） and malignant tumor（ 10.0 % ）- Compared with benign diseases and non-organic diseases,the attack age of malignant tumor was higher[ （67.1 ± 6.9） years old] ,menopausal duration was longer （11.6 ±2.9） years, bleeding duration was longer[ （ 157.6 ±26.4） days], and mucous membrane was obviously thickened[ （14.6 ±3.2） mini （ P 〈 0. 05） ,while there were no significant differences in gravidity and parity（P 〉 0.05）. Conclusion The main cause for PMB is benign diseases, followed by non-organic diseases. More attentions should be paid to the PMB patients with higher attack age, longer menopausal duration and bleeding duration,and obviously thickened mucous membrane,so as to be precautious to the occurrence of malignant tumor.