日本产业结构软化论

On the Softening of Japanese Industrial Structure

日本于1968年成为世界第二大经济强国以后,在知识经济的时代背景下,产业结构软化的趋势日益明显:农业生产中硬要素投入减少,软要素投入增加,加工型制造部门、高端服务部门分别在制造业、服务业中逐渐居于主导地位;产业结构信息化、服务化趋势日益增强。日本产业结构软化既有科技、需求、产业政策、国际环境等方面的共同原因,也有各自具体的原因。产业结构软化强化了日本"第三、第二、第一"的产业格局,提高了日本经济增长质量和国际经济竞争力,同时也加剧了日本的结构性失业。

Japan became the second largest economy in 1968. What is notable is that the knowledge economy has softened the Japanese industrial structure. In agriculture, input of soft factors increases against traditional hard factors; in manufacturing and service sectors, the processing industries and high-end services dominates. In fact, information and service have played an increasingly crucial role. On one hand, the softening structure of the Japanese industries can be attributed to a few common causes including the changing technology, market demand, industrial policies and international environment; on the other hand, there are distinct affecting factors for each specific industry. As the gains, tertiary sector has led the Japanese industrial structure, the quality of Japan＇s economic growth as well as the international competitiveness have been improved. The structural unemployment, however, has also been aggravated.