美国文化霸权建立轨迹考察

Inspection on the Course of Established Cultural Supremacy of USA

冷战时期,美国文化霸权建立有一条明显的轨迹。美国文化霸权建立的手段主要有:1.运用政治强权,加强意识形态攻势,向世界各国进行文化渗透;2.利用中央情报局实施全球文化霸权战略;3.以好莱坞电影为工具,输出美国意识形态、美国价值观与美国生活方式;4.二战后,在欧洲以德国为基地,在亚洲以中国为重心谋求文化霸权。而冷战时期美国谋求文化霸权的主要对手是苏联,从这个意义上说,美国文化霸权是在与苏联争霸中建立起来的。

This article analyses the establishment of American cultural hegemony set in the Cold War, 1 ）using political power and strengthening ideological aggression through cultural penetration into various forms of world cultures; 2）executing the strategy of global cultural hegemony through the CIA; 3 ）exporting Americana ideology, values and way of life by means of Hollywood movies; 4）establishing cultural base in Asia with China as its center and Europe with Germany as the core after WWII. During the Cold War period, the main rival was U, S. S. R; thus in this sense, we conclude that U. S, A attained its cultural hegemony during the Cold War in its power competition with U, S. S. R.