1933名中学生近视发生率及影响因素现况调查

A CROSS-SECTIONAL STUDY ON THE INCIDENCE RATE OF MYOPIA OF 1 933 JUNIOR MIDDLE SCHOOL STUDENTS AND ITS INFLUENTIAL FACTORS

[目的]了解天津市初中学生近视发病及影响因素。[方法]采取分层整群抽样方法对市区、新四区、滨海三区和郊县8所中学共1 933名初中学生进行无记名自我填写问卷调查。[结果]1 933名初中学生总近视发生率为41.6%,其中男生近视发生率为35.2%,女生近视发生率为48.0%,不同年级近视发生率差异有统计学意义,随年级升高近视发生率升高。七、八、九年级近视发生率分别为34.5%、41.8%、49.0%。各年级女生近视发生率均高于男生。[结论]长时间上网、不能保持正确坐姿、缺乏体育锻炼、不注意用眼卫生等健康危险行为是使青少年视力下降主要原因。

[Objective] To understand the incidence rate and its influencing factors of myopia among junior middle school students in Tianjin. [Methods] A total of 1 933 junior middle school students in 8 middle schools in urban area, suburban area, new developed area of Binhai and suburban counties were selected by stratified cluster sampling. All anonymous questionnaire survey was conducted among them, [Results] The total prevalence rate of myopia was 41.6%. And the prevalence rates of male and female were 35.2% and 48.0% respectively. The prevalence rate of myopia in different grades was significantly different, and increased with the increase of grade. Besides, the incidence rates of grade seven, eight and nine were 34.5%, 41.8% and 49.0% respectively. The incidence rate of myopia of female students in every grade were all higher than male stu- dents. [ Conclusions] Long-term internet browsing, incorrect sitting posture, lacking of physical exercises and ignorance of eyes health are the main influential factors of hypopsia.