脱胶过程中亚麻纤维品质变化特点研究

Research on the change of fiber quality of different flax varieties in retting

选用在相同条件生长得到的6个不同品种亚麻原茎,取中部30 cm茎段在实验室条件下进行温水沤麻,在不同时间取样,研究纤维品质变化特点。结果表明,国外品种的纤维强度在脱胶前期和中期高于国内品种,脱胶后期迅速减少,接近甚至低于国内品种。所以国外品种相对国内品种耐沤性较差。而在可挠度方面,国内品种的可挠度大于国外品种,特别是在脱胶后期国内品种可挠度有明显增加,而且此时国内品种的纤维强度在后期也比较稳定。亚麻的纤维强度和可挠度与果胶含量和半纤维素含量的关系密切,在脱胶过程中果胶与半纤维素含量均是逐渐减少,品种间果胶迅速减少的时期各异。

Flax stem of six varieties which grew in the same condition were cut the 30 cm central part of stem to ret in warm water under laboratory condition. In different time the sample took for researching the characteristics of the flax fibre. The results showed that the fibre intensity of foreign varieties were larger than the local in begin and middle period of retting, and quickly decreased near to or even low the local in last period. Local varieties were well than the foreign in retting resistance. In pliability, the local varieties were larger than the foreign, especially in last retting period the pliability of local increased quickly, in the same time the fibre intensity kept stable. The fiber intensity and pliability had close relation with pectin and hemicellulose content. The contents of pectin and hemicelluloses decreased gradually with time in retting. The period of pectin rapid decreasing was different among different varieties.