珠江三角洲网河潮汐空间特征

The Tidal Spatial Character of the Pearl River Delta

珠江三角洲网河区径潮作用复杂,其潮汐的特征明显受到径流、地形等影响。本文根据1999年洪季和2001年枯季的实测逐时潮位资料,应用数理统计、作图、潮汐调和分析等方法来分析珠江三角洲网河的潮汐空间特征,包括洪、枯季平均潮位的空间变化,潮汐调和常数(分潮振幅和迟角)的空间分布特征及沿程变化。同时,这些潮汐特征也反映了潮波在传播过程中受到径流、地形和边界条件作用后能量和周期的变化。

The hydrology of the Pearl River Delta is controlled both by discharge and tide. So the tidal charac- ter is greatly influenced by discharge, topography and so on. This paper is on the basis of the field data in the summer of 1999 and the winter of 2001. The tidal spatial character is analyzed by doing mathematical statistics, tidal analysis and drawing isoline maps. The spatial character analysis in this paper includes the spatial variation of average tidal heights and harmonic constants. Besides, the influences of the discharge and topography made to tidal wave are studied.