水系形成与发展的元胞自动机模型研究

Cellular model for the form and development of drainage system

河流水系的形成是在一定地质、地形、气候等条件下,水流自由发展的结果,具有自组织临界性。采用元胞自动机模型,对水系自组织形成的随机过程进行了模拟。通过改变地质、地形、气候等条件,模拟了与自然水系相吻合的多种河流水系。结合水槽实际,模拟了与水槽试验结果相似的水系形成。并通过概化形式,模拟了黄河源头东昆仑阿拉克湖地区第四纪水系演化过程,取得了良好的模拟效果。

The drainage system is self-formed by flow on certain geology, terrain and climate conditions, with obvious characteristic of self organization. In this paper a cellular model is developed to simulate the form and the development of the drainage system. By changing geology, terrain, and climate conditions, many drainage systems are acquired which coincide with the natural fiver system. The fiver system forming process is simulated by combined with the union water trough reality. A similar drainage system is also got on the basis of the flume experiments. A simplified model is formed, too, to simulate the development process of the Alake area, east Kunlun mountain, the headwaters of the Yellow River, and the result proves to be effective.