生态位理论在蚊虫种间竞争中的应用

Application of Niche Theory to Analyse the Interspecific Competition of Mosquitoes

探讨蚊虫种间竞争规律。方法：引入生态位理论，用生态位宽度、生态位重叠。生态位相似性比例和生态位分离等生态位特征的测度，对蒙山上的两种优势蚊种骚扰阿蚊和淡色库蚊在同一生境中的竞争现象进行了定性、定量描述，并对这两种蚊虫在温度、时间资源序列上的二维生态位进行比较分析。结果：这两种蚊虫在资源利用上有较大的相似性比例，于是产生竞争。骚扰阿蚊有较宽的生态位宽度，且与淡色库蚊有较大的重叠，从而在竞争中取胜。结论：两种蚊虫通过时间序列、温度序列等生态位分离，达到暂时的共存。

In this paper, the niche theory was used to analyse the interspecific competition between two dominant mosquitoes Cular pipiens pollens and Armigeres subalbatus at certain area of Meng Mountain. It includes niche breadth, proportional similarity, niche overlap and niche separation. The phenomenon of the two moequitoes competition in the same habitat was analysed in the qualitatitve and quantitative niche. The two dimensional niches in time and temperature resource were comparatively.analysed also. The results showed that the two mosquitoes had more proportion similarity, so the competition was certainly, and Armigeres subalbatus would win the competition because it had more niche breadth and more niche overlap to Cular pipiens pollens. The two mosquitoes would temporarily coexist by the way of niche separation in the time and temperature resource.