紫肉甘薯花色苷含量的变化规律及其与主要经济性状的相关分析

Variation Laws of Anthocyanin Content of Roots and Their Relationships with Major Economic Traits in Purple-Fleshed Sweetpotato [Ipomoea Batatas (L.) Lam]

【目的】研究紫肉甘薯块根花色苷含量在生育过程中和品种间的变化规律及其与主要经济性状的相关性。【方法】栽插后20、40、60、80、100、120及140d调查13个紫肉甘薯品种的花色苷含量、最长蔓长,分枝数,结薯数,茎、叶、块根干物质含量,块根鲜重,块根干重,茎鲜重、茎干重、叶鲜重、叶干重,茎叶鲜重、茎叶干重,分析整株鲜重、整株干重,茎、叶、块根干重占整株干重的百分比等20个经济性状以及花色苷含量变化与其余19个经济性状的变化和10个产量性状日增长量的相关性。【结果】(1)紫肉甘薯块根花色苷含量在生育过程中存在缓慢增加型、波动变化型和曲折上升型3种变化类型,对最长蔓长、分枝数、块根鲜重、块根干重、光合产物的分配等经济性状的发育有不同的生物学响应。(2)品种间的花色苷含量在20d以后逐渐产生显著差异,在40～100d完成类型分化,与品种的分枝数、块根鲜重、块根干重、光合产物在块根中的分配比例显著负相关,与块根干物质含量、最长蔓长、茎鲜重、茎干重、整株干重及光合产物在叶中的分配比例显著正相关。(3)花色苷日增长量与块根干重日增长量显著负相关,花色苷积累与块根膨大、干物质积累存在竞争关系,这种竞争关系在不同品种中得到不同解决。【结论】由于花色苷积累与干物质积累存在的竞争关系在不同品种中的协调不同,紫肉甘薯品种间的花色苷含量在生育过程中产生显著差异和分化,存在缓慢增加、波动变化和曲折上升3种变化类型。花色苷含量的这些变化与主要经济性状有不同的相关关系。

[Objectivel Variation laws of anthocyanin content in roots during development and among varieties and their relationships with major economic traits in purple-fleshed sweetpotato （lpomoea Batatas （L.） Lam） were studied in present paper. [Method] The dynamics of 20 kinds of economic traits in 13 purple-fleshed sweetpotato varieties at 20, 40, 60, 80, 100, 120 and 140 d after their transplanting were investigated, and these traits included the anthocyanin content, length of the longest vine, number of base branches, roots number, dry matter contents in stem, foliage and roots, fresh and dry yields of roots, fresh and dry yields of stem, fresh and dry yields of foliage, fresh and dry yields of vine, fresh and dry yields of whole plant, and rations of photosynthate to roots, to stem and to foliage. The relationship between variations of the anthocyanin content and other 19 economic traits was analyzed. So as the relationship between daily growth rates of the anthocyanin content and 10 other kinds of yields was also analyzed. [Result] （1） During the whole development, the anthocyanin content had three variation types, that is slowly increasing,fluctuating and devious ascending, and had different responses to the growth of length of the longest vine, number of base branches, fresh and dry yields of roots and photosynthate allotments. （2） The anthocyanin contents among 13 varieties began to have significant difference after 20 days of transplanting, and completed type differentiation during 40-100 d, and had significant negative correlation with the number of base branches, fresh and dry yields of roots, ratio of photosynthate to roots, and had significant positive correlation with dry matter content of roots, length of the longest vine, fresh and dry yields of stem, dry yield of whole plant and ratio of photosynthate to foliage. （3） Because of the significant negative correlation between daily growth rates of anthocyanin content and dry matter yield of roots, the anthocyanin accumulation competed with dry matter accumulation for photosynthate in roots, and the competitive relation was resolved by different ways in different varieties. [Conclusion] The significant difference and differentiation of anthocyanin contents among varieties would take place during development of purple-fleshed sweetpotato, and there were synchronously slowly increasing, fluctuating and devious ascending variation types of anthocyanin content because of the different compromising between accumulations of anthocyanin and dry matter in roots among varieties. These variations of anthocyanin content had different relationships with major economic waits during development and among varieties in purple-fleshed sweetpotato.