广东大宝山矿山下游地区稻田土壤的重金属污染状况的分析与评价

Analysis and Evaluation on Heavy Metal Contamination in Paddy Soils in the Lower Stream of Dabaoshan Area,Guangdong Province

通过现场采样及室内测试,分析了广东大宝山地区稻田土壤的Cd、Zn、Pb和Cu的含量,运用单因子污染指数评价法和多因子污染指数评价法对大宝山矿山下游地区稻田土壤的污染状况进行评价。结果表明,大宝山矿山下游地区稻田土壤污染是以Cd和Cu为主的多金属复合污染,稻田土壤Cd、Zn、Pb和Cu的平均浓度分别为2.19、244.94、179.93 mg.kg-1和287.91 mg.kg-1,最大超标倍数分别为20.33、2.59、2.84和11.32。Cd、Zn、Pb和Cu的综合污染指数分别为15.07、2.03、2.07和8.98。相关分析结果表明,Cd、Zn、Pb和Cu主要来自酸性灌溉废水。

The total concentration of Cd, Zn, Pb and Cu in paddy soils in the lower stream of Dabaoshan area of Guangdong province were studied. The pollution condition of heavy metals in paddy soils in the lower stream of Dabaoshan area was evaluated by using single factor pollution index （SPI） and integrated pollution index （IPI）. The results indicated that environmental pollutants in the paddy soils of Dabaoshan mine area were Cd and Cu related multi - metal compounds. The average concentrations of Cd, Zn, Pb and Cu in 21 sampling points were 2.19, 244.94, 179.93 mg·kg^-1and 287.91 mg·kg^-1 , respectively, beyond the recommended standard （GB15618 -1995） as high as 20.33, 2.59, 2.84 and 11.32 times, respectively. The IPIs of Cd, Zn, Pb and Cu for the studied soils were 15.09, 2.03, 2.07 and 8.98, respectively. The main source of Cd, Zn, Pb and Cu in paddy soils was acid mine drainage.