土壤砷污染及其调控技术研究进展

Pollution of Arsenic on Soil and Its Remediation Technology

主要报道了土壤砷背景值与砷存在形态、土壤砷污染与作物的关系、砷超累积植物与土壤砷污染的植物修复以及土壤砷污染的农业控制措施。砷对植物的危害不仅受砷浓度和形态的影响,还因作物的种类、积累部位而不一致。研究As超富集植物及其富集机理,利用其进行植物修复,是一个重要的领域。土壤有机质、磷肥、pH等都会影响植物对砷的吸收累积,可作为降低作物砷含量的农业调控措施。种植不富集As的作物,或可食部位As含量低的作物,可以减少As进入食物链。

This article reviews arsenic background values, relationship between arsenic pollution and plants, arsenic hyperaccumulator and phytoremediation as well as agricultural regulation. Arsenic hazards to plants are not only affected by arsenic quantity and conformation, but also by type of crop species and crop parts. It is an important field to investigate arsenic hyperaccumulator and its hyperaccumulating mechanism, where after put up phytoremediation. Accumulation of arsenic in plants is affected by organic matter, phosphate, pH. Phyto remediation is a new method to remove arsenic from soil by hyperaccumulator. By planting plants which do not hyperaccumulate arsenic or its esculent parts contain less arsenic, resulting in decrease of arsenic into food chain.