南瓜叶防治菜粉蝶幼虫的药效评价及成本分析

Evaluation on Antifeedant Activity of Extract from Pumpkin Leaf Against Pieris rapae L. and Cost-Benefits

通过实验室研究和大田试验对收集自我国民间的土农药——南瓜叶榨取液防治芥蓝菜粉蝶幼虫的药效进行验证和经济方面的分析评价。实验室研究结果表明:南瓜叶榨取液防治菜粉蝶主要作用机制是抑制其取食,在12 h和24 h的取食抑制中浓度FRC50(Feeding Restrain Content)分别为511.321 4和484.344 1 mg.L-1;12 h和24 h菜粉蝶幼虫对浸渍过榨取液芥蓝叶片的非选择性拒食率和选择性拒食率分别为66.00%、57.75%和56.04%、56.52%。大田试验结果表明:在第2、5、7 d,榨取液对于芥蓝的保叶效果分别达到了48.17%、65.82%和70.46%;对虫害的防治效果分别达到了97.58%、86.98%和90.72%。经济分析结果显示:用土农药防治菜粉蝶,亩产芥蓝利润值最高,比不进行防治生产方式增加116.35元。

Juice, squeezed from pumpkin leaf, has been found to be regarded as a good indigenous pesticide to control Pieris rapae L. in organic agriculture. The research results from laboratory experiment indicated that pumpkin leaf could be used to control linnaeus mainly through function of antifeedant. It was discovered that in 12 h and 24 h, feeding restrain contents were 511. 321 4 mg · L^-1and 484. 344 1 mg · L^-1, respectively. Selective and unselective anti - feeding rates were 66.00% , 57.75% ,56.04% and 56.52% , and from a field practice, indicating that at 2 d,5 d,7 d, the effects of protection were 48. 17%, 65.82% and 70.46% , and the effect on the pests control were 97.58% ,86.98% and 90.72% , respectively. Analysis of cost - benefit indicated that the profit of using the indigenous pesticides was the highest among all plant protection practiced methods.