电子设备吊舱环境控制系统的研究

Research on the Environmental Control System for Avionics Pods

对目前各种电子设备吊舱所应用的环境控制系统进行了简要介绍,并分别分析了其优缺点。通过比较指出:动力涡轮驱动的逆升压式空气循环制冷系统是适用于电子设备吊舱冷却的有效方案之一,该系统原理简单,系统重量小,易于实现,但必须解决低空低速飞行时的制冷量不足等一系列问题。在此基础上提出了系统优化方法:通过建立系统及各附件的数学模型,以性能代偿损失最小为优化目标函数,确定各部件在设计状态下应满足的指标,来解决系统匹配问题;通过优化气动外形及数值模拟对进气道流道型面进行优化设计,以尽可能扩大系统进压力;通过气动设计、三维流场建模及实验方法优化设计涡轮及压气机,研究各附件在非设计状态下的性能,以增大系统的制冷能力。

An introduction of several environmental control systems designed for avionics pods is made as well as its advantages and disadvantages are analyzed separately. It is proposed that the system of reverse bootstrap air cycle by powered turbine could be used for cooling the avionics pods. The system has a simple principle and a light weight. And it is easy to carry out. But the problems resuited in cooling capacity when the aircraft is at the low altitude or at low velocity must be settled. Moreover the optimization method of the system is suggested. By optimizing the minimum performance penalty, the mathematical models of the system are established for choosing the criterion of the components under its designing state to solve the problem of system calibration. Aerodynamic design method and numerical simulation are used to optimize the profile of the ram air inlet for enhancing the inlet pressure. The performance of the turbine compressor unit which is not under its designing state is researched, using the methods of aerodynamic design, numerical simulation of 3-D flow-field and experiment. The goal of optimization is to increase the cooling capacity of the system.