糖尿病家族史与儿童青少年空腹指血血糖关系的调查

Survey of Relationship between Diabetes Family History and Fasting Capillary Whole Blood Glucose in Children and Adolescents

目的探讨糖尿病家族史与儿童青少年指血血糖的关系。方法以北京市全体中小学生为研究对象,于2004年4-10月对北京全体中小学生(6～18岁)通过整群抽样,共19112例在读中小学生(男9522名,女9590名)进行统计分析。采用统一设计的调查问卷(包括人口统计学特征、疾病史和家族史等)。问卷由家长和学生在调查人员帮助下共同填写,并对所有调查对象进行指微量血糖检测。结果在6～18岁空腹末梢指血血糖≥5.6mmol/L组,家族中一级亲属患糖尿病阳性率明显高于空腹末梢指血血糖<5.6mmol/L组,差异具有统计学意义(P=0.0002)。在空腹指血血糖≥5.6mmol/L组,父亲和母亲患糖尿病构成比无明显差异(P=0.509),不支持母系遗传的优势。父亲和母亲患糖尿病对不同性别子代血糖影响亦无明显差异(P=0.056)。结论父母患糖尿病的家族史对子女患糖尿病的意义尤为重要,即有一级亲属阳性家族史的子女更易出现血糖异常,应早期监测血糖。

Objective To explore the relationship between dialetes family histnry and fasting capillary whole blood glucose in children and adolescents. Methods Sampling 19 112 （male 9 522, female 9 590）6 - 18 years old children in Beijing primary and secondary schools from Apr. to Oct. in 2004 were clustered. Unify contrivable investigation questionnaire was used,which including characteristic demography, case history,family history ct al. With the help of investigator parents and children filled in the questionnaires together. Fasting capillary whole blood glucose of all the school children were measured. Results In group of fasting capillary whole blood glucose ≥5.6 mmol/L school children, the first degree relative＇s positive rates of diabetes family history were significantly higher than that of group of fasting capillary whole blood glucose 〈 5.6 mmol/L （P = 0. 000 2）. In group of fasting capillary whole blood glucose ≥5.6 mmol/L, there was no significant differencc between the constituent ratio of paternal history and maternal history （P = 0. 509 ）, which didn＇t support maternal inheritance. There was also no significant difference between the offspring＇s glucose in paternal history and maternal history （P = 0. 056）. Conclusions Parental histnry plays an important role in glucose of offspring and result in abnormal glucose at earlier age （6 - 18 years old） and they shall get glucose monitoring earlier if they can.