三清山地区的花岗岩地质遗产与建立地质科学园区的构想

Granitic Geoheritages and an Idea of Constructing Geoscientific Parks Within the Mountain Sanqing Area

三清山地区位处欧亚大陆东南部的扬子古板块与华夏古板块的结合带，具有十多亿年的地质构造演化发展历史。区内地质遗产丰富，特别是与花岗岩有关的系列地质遗产，世界罕见。保存有中一新元古代蛇绿混杂岩、大洋斜长花岗岩、蓝闪石片岩等古大洋与古板块碰撞遗迹。在中生代时期，不仅出露了陆内A型俯冲形成的“I-A”三种类型花岗岩，其演化序列完整、特征典型；还发生了大规模的花岗岩成矿作用，形成了世界著名的铜金为主的多金属矿田，已探明3个超大型铜、金、钽铌矿床和多个大型金属矿床，是研究花岗岩、特别是陆内深俯冲造山带花岗岩的重要科学园地。三清山地区的花岗岩微地貌景观类型多样、造型奇特，是一个天然的花岗岩微地貌博物馆，也是世界花岗岩地貌景观中最杰出的代表。三清山地区是世界上不可多得的地球科学研究的理想基地，具有建立以三清山为中心、以20～50km为半径的地质科学园区之条件，根据其地质自然遗产的类型和空间分布特征，可划分为七大地学园区即：三清山式花岗岩地质景观区、怀玉山式花岗岩地质景观区、灵山式花岗岩地质景观区、三清湖岩溶景观区、德兴矿山地质公园区、张村樟树墩新元古代板块构造景观带、玉山常山金钉子地层古生物景观区等。

Mountain Sanqing area （or the Sanqingshan area） is situated at the suture zone between Yangze Paleoplate and Cathaysia Paleoplate in the southeast of Eurasian plate , with one billion years＇ evolution history of geological structure. The geoheritages are abundant within the area, especially the serial geoheritages related to the granite, rarely seen in the world. There have been preserved heritages formed as a result of collision between paleoocean and paleoplate, such as the middle and Neoproterozoic ophiolite-melange,oceanic plagiogranite and glaucophane schist, etc. During the Mesozoic period, I-S-Atype granites formed by the intracontinental ＂A＂ type subduction are characterized by the complete evolution sequence and typical features. At the same time, a largescale of granite metallization occurred, thus forming the polymetallic orefield dominated by copper and gold, well-known in the world. Three superlarge deposits of copper, gold and tantalum-niobium as well as several largescale metallogenic deposits have been proved. The area is an important scientific spot to study granite, especially the granite within the intracontinental deep subduction orogenic belt. Mount Sanqing is not only a nutural museum of granite microlandforms, but also an outstanding representative in the global granite landforms thanks to its various types and peculiar strangely- shaped granite microlandforms. Mount Sanqing area is a worthy ideal basement for geoscientific research, with the advantages for constructing the geoscientific park with Mount Sanqing as the cetre, and with the range of 20 - 50km as the radium. It can be divided into seven geoscientific parks based on the geological natural heritage types and the features of spacial distribution, namely; Mount Sanqing-type granite geological landscape spot, Huaiyushan-type granite geological landscape spot, Lingshan-type granite geological landscape spot, Sanqing lake karst landscape spot, Dexing mine geopark spot, Zhangcun-Zhangshudun Neoproterozoic plate strucutre landscape spot and Yushan-Changshan Jindingzi stratigraphic paleontologic landscape spot.