土工织物保土保水试验研究

Experimental Study on Soil and Water Conservation of Geotextile

土工织物作为陡坡植树的集水、保水、蓄水材料,尤其适用于水平沟、鱼鳞坑植树,可有效集蓄降水、防止蒸发、提高造林成活率。土工网垫包裹种植土和种子,直接放置在鱼鳞坑或陡坡上(不用挖坑),可达到蓄水造林的目的。试验结果表明:土工织物水平沟内刺槐、侧柏的成活率在95%以上,土工网垫鱼鳞坑内树木成活率达80%,土工网垫坡面放置树木成活率为40%,均比对照成活率高;土工织物网垫兼有土工织物和营养土的优点,抗剪强度高、渗透率高、包装运输和施工方便、利于机械化作业、工程成本低。土工织物覆盖虽然短期内投资较大,但可有效集蓄降水,节省上水工程投资,从长远来看,投资效益高,极具推广应用价值。

Geotextile,the material of water collection,conservation and storage for steep slope afforestation is specially applicable to the afforestation in leveled gullies and fish-scale pits where can effectively collect and store precipitation,prevent evaporation and increase the survival rate of afforestation.The geotextile mesh wrapped planting soil and seed can be put in fish-scale pits and steep slopes directly(pits digging not necessary) and achieve the purposes of water storage and afforestation.It shows by the tests that the survival rate of Yellow Locust and Oriental Arborvitae growing in the leveled gullies with geotextile mesh is greater than 95%,the survival rate of trees growing in the fish-scale pits with geotextile mesh 80% and slope surface with geotextile mesh 40% that are all higher than that of the checked ones and;the geotextile mesh has the advantageous of both geotextile and nourishing soil,high shearing resistance,high percolation rate,convenient packing,transportation and construction,advantage to mechanized operation and low project cost.Although the short-term investment of geotextile coverage is higher,it can effectively collect and store rain water and save hydraulic engineering investment.It has high investment benefits and high value of popularization and application in a long-term.