肉豆蔻中重金属和农药残留量分析

Studies on the analysis of heavy metals and pesticide residue in Nutmeg(the Seed of Mvristica fragrans)

目的:分析中药肉豆蔻药材中重金属和有机氯农药残留量,为其质量控制和标准制定提供科学依据。方法:采用比色法测定总重金属含量,原子吸收法测定铅、镉、铜、砷的残留量,电感耦合等离子体质谱法测定汞的含量,气相色谱法测定有机氯农药六六六和滴滴涕残留量。结果:肉豆蔻药材中含总重金属小于100 mg·kg^(-1),其中铅、镉、砷、铜和汞的残留量分别为0.04～0.73,17.7×10^(-3)～85.4×10^(-3),0.01～0.09,11.0～13.5,0.06～0.34 mg·kg^(-1)。在所有样品中皆未检出滴滴涕;在某些样品中检出六六六,残留量为35.49～63.36μg·kg^(-1)。结论:肉豆蔻药材中含有一定量的重金属,其中,铜含量最高,其他重金属含量很低;10个样品中,4个样品的汞残留量稍超过国家行业标准——《药用植物及制剂进出口绿色行业标准》(2001)。所有样品中皆未检出滴滴涕,某些样品中检出六六六。

Objective ：To analyze the residual amount of heavy metals and pesticide in nutmeg （ the seed of Myristi- ca fragrans Houtt. ）, and provide the scientific foundation for the quality control and standard establishment of nut- meg. Method ：The residual amount of total heavy metals was determined by colorimetry; Pb, Cd, Cu and As were measured by atomic absorption spectrophotometry; Hg was detected by the method of ICP - MS （ Inductively Cou- pled Plasma- Mass Spectrometry）. The organic -chlorine pesticide residue analysis was carried out by GC- MS （ Gas Chromatography - Mass Spectrometry）. Result：The content of total heavy metals was 〈 100 mg · kg^-1, which included 0. 04 -0. 73,17. 7 × 10^-3 -85.4 × 10^-3,0. 01-0. 09,11.0 - 13.5 and 0. 06 -0. 34 mg · kg^-1 for Pb, Cd, As, Cu and Hg, respectively. No 4,4＇ - （2,2,2 - trichloroethane - 1,1 - diyl） bis （chlorobenzene） （DDT） was found in all the 10 samples, but benzene hexachloride（BHC） was detected in a few samples, which the residual a- mount was 35.49 - 63.36 μg · kg^-1. Conclusion： A few amount of heavy metals can be detected in nutmeg. Among them,the residual amount of Cu was higher than others in all the samples and Hg was slightly above the national calling standard of “Green Trade Standards of Importing ＆ Exporting Medicinal Plants ＆ Preparations” in 4 sam- ples. No DDT was detected in all the 10 samples,but BHC was found in a few samples.