美国教育机会平等问题——道德和财政上的思考

Equality of Educational Opportunity in the United States:Ethical and Financial Considerations

教育机会平等是当今美国儿童最重要的权利之一,其以教育资源的合理分配为保障。受教育机会平等的第一条原则是学生所受的教育不应该受到学生的非教育相关因素的影响;其第二个原则是不论是否可能,学生受到的教育应该设计为与学生教育相关特征相适应。因此,受教育机会平等应该理解为所获教育利益的平等而非生均费用的平等。

The equality of educational opportunity now is the one of most important rights of American children and the right is guaranteed by allocating educational resources reasonably. The first principle of equality of educational opportunity is that： The education that a student receives should not be influenced by any educationally irrelevant characteristic of the student. The second principle is that： The education that a student receives should be designed to accommodate the student＇s educationally relevant characteristics whenever possible. So the equality of educational opportunity should be understood as to get equal benefit from education but not to spend equal amount of money on each pupil.