欧盟的外部治理:欧盟在欧洲内外的民主促进

The EU’s External Governance:Democracy Promotion in Europe and Beyond

本文将分析在欧盟扩大以及新的欧洲邻国政策(European Neigh-borhood policy,简称ENP)的背景下,欧盟如何通过政治条件性(Political Condition-ality)在目标国家促进民主。通过对比理性主义和建构主义两种不同的解释模式,本文认为,"结果逻辑"(Logic of Consequences)是民主条件性得以遵守的主要驱动性力量。在欧洲一体化进程中,欧盟成员国资格前景以及较低的国内权力成本是有效促进民主的必要前提;同时,民主条件性是否能够取得成功,在很大程度上仍然取决于目标国家对实施欧盟规则的成本-效益估算,同时还取决于他们对于政治条件性的合法性、确定性以及公信力的认识。

In this essay we examine the determinants of successful democracy promotion through political conditionality in the context of EU enlargement and the new European Neighborhood Policy (ENP). Comparing the explanatory potential of rationalist and constructivist models, we find that compliance with democratic conditionality is manly driven by'logic of consequences'. During the process of enlargement, a credible membership perspective and low domestic power costs were necessary prerequisites for effective democracy promotion. Besides that, the essay also holds that the perceived legitimacy, determinacy, and credibility of political conditionality are also necessary for the democracy promotion.