含油气系统概念与研究方法

CONCEPTS AND METHODS OF PETROLEUM SYSTEM

“含油气系统”概念是石油天然气地质学与系统科学相结合的产物。建议采用“广义的”含油气系统概念，并将其作为石油地质学家从系统科学角度所看到的一种全新的地质实体、研究对象与系统模型的复合体。其内涵是与油气生、排、运、聚、散有关且与周围环境密切联系着的若干相互作用、相互依赖的地质要素和过程（作用）及其描述参数和联系方式的集合体。其外延应包容油气区（或者还有超油气区）、盆地（包括叠合盆地）、凹陷（或在规模上相类似的成藏组合、区带）等３个级（类）别的子系统。其研究方法，应当是定性与定量相结合的系统方法。Ｍａｇｏｏｎ（１９９２）、Ｐｅｒｏｄｏｎ（１９９２）和Ｄｅｍａｉｓｏｎ等（１９９１）的结构图解法、模型类比法和成因分析法，经改进后，可以分别用于３个级别“含油气系统”的油气潜力快速预测、评价。进一步的研究可考虑与定量模拟结合起来。

The concept,“petroleum system”,results from the combination of petroleum and gas geology and systematic science.The present paper introduces the concept of “general” system, and regards,from the angle of systematic science,it as a completely new geological body in petroleum geology——a complex of study subject and system model. Intentionally, it is the collective body of interactive and interdependent geological factors and processes as well as their description parameters and connection ways, which is closely related to the formation,discharge,migration,accumulation and dispersion of oil and gas and to its surroundings. Extensionally,it includes three subsystems of different grades,i.e.oil and gas region (including super oil and gas region),basin (including superimposed basin),and depression (or pool forming assemblage and zone).The combining qualitative and quantitative methods can be used to study the petroleum system,and the modified Magoon,Perrodon and Demaison structure diagram methods,model analogical methods and genesis analysis methods can be used to rapidly predict and evaluate the oil and gas potential in the three grades of “petroleum system”,respectively. Quantitative simulation and thinking and methods of systematic dynamics are necessary for further study on the petroleum system.