心理应对能力训练对AIDS家庭中儿童心理行为的影响

Influence of Mental Coping Training Targeting Children of HIV-Positive Parents

目的:探讨短期集中参与互动式心理应对能力训练对AIDS家庭中儿童心理症状及应对方式的影响。方法:从安徽省5个艾滋病综合防治项目县(萧县、界首、临泉、濉溪、郎溪)中随机抽取51个AIDS家庭,每个家庭选择1名10～16岁儿童,共51名儿童为研究对象,进行一周的心理应对能力训练。采用症状自评量表(SCL-90)、简易应对方式问卷(SCSQ)和自编的一般项目问卷进行评价。结果:94.12%的儿童报告喜欢参与互动式心理应对能力训练,心理症状检出率训练后低于训练前(9.8%/25.5%,χ2=4.317,P=0.038),抑郁、焦虑得分训练后低于训练前(1.40±0.52/1.55±0.50,1.39±0.49/1.55±0.61,P=0.046、0.041),积极应对、消极应对得分训练前后差异均无统计学显著性(P>0.05)。结论:短期集体参与互动式心理应对能力训练对改善AIDS家庭中儿童的心理症状具有一定的效果,尚需进一步探讨长期心理应对能力训练对儿童青少年心理行为的影响。

Objective： To explore the influence of participating and interconvertible mental coping training targeting children of parents with HIV or AIDS in rural of Anhui Province. Methods： The intervention was administered 51 children from 10 to 16 years old. Those children of parents with HIV or AIDS form 51 families in 5 counties in Anhui Province. Only one child was selected in one family. At the beginning and end of the intervention, all participants were estimated mental health and coping style. Mental health and coping style were evaluated by SCL -90 and simplified coping style questionnaire. Quantitative were tested by paired-samples t-test and qualitative data were tested by Pearson Chi-square test. Results： 94. 12% of the children enjoy taking part in the participational and interconvertible mental coping training. After a seven-day mental coping training, the percentage of those children who having mental symptom （ the total score of the SCL - 90 more than 160 or at least one of the 9 factor＇score more than 3 ） reduced from 25.5% （baseline） to9.8% and with significant difference （χ^ =4.317, P=0.038） . The nine factor＇s scores of SCL -90 were all lower after intervention, the factors of depression and anxiety were much lower and with significant difference （1.40±0.52/1.55 ±0.50, 1.39 ±0.49/1.55 ±0.61, P=0.046, 0.041） . The score of the positive Coping style became higher, negative coping style became lower after intervention, but not with significant difference （ P 〉 0. 05 ） . Conclusions： The participational and interconvertible short-term mental coping training can reduce mental symptom of those children of parents with HIV or AIDS.