中国乡村治理的演进逻辑及其影响

Chinese Village Government Evolution Logic and Its Influence

在国家与农村关系的制度框架下,从政府与乡村社会两个层面和"官治"与"自治"两条主线考察,中国乡村治理的演进呈现出一条自治化(县政乡治)——行政化(乡政治理)——行政化与自治化并行(乡政村治)的变迁轨迹。中国乡村治理的演进逻辑影响深远,以至我们改善乡村治理的任何努力都不可能脱离"乡土中国"熟人社会抑或半熟人社会这一历史基础及其演变,都不能不重视乡村治理单一行政化的近代特征及其教训,都不能不肯定村民自治这一具有民主价值的当代元素。

Under frame of the national and countryside relations system , inspected from two stratification planes of the government the village society and two master lines of ＂the official government＂ and ＂autonomy＂, the Chinese village government evolution presents an vicissitude path of autonomy （county politics township autonomously governs） - ad- ministration （township politics government） - administration and autonomy parallel （the township politics village governs）. Chinese village government evolution logic influence profoundly, so our endeavor of improving the village government can＇ t to be separated from acquaintance society or semi - acquaintance society of ＂local China＂ this his- tory foundatign and it＇s evolution, all has no alternative but to attach importance to the village government sole ad- ministration modem characteristic and its lesson, all has no alternative but to affirm villagers autonomy which has the democratic value of contemporary element.