石家庄地区中枢神经系统感染的住院资料分析

Analysis for inpatients with infectious diseases of central nervous system in Shijiazhuang,China

目的探讨中枢神经系统感染性疾病的发病特点。方法对我院1996-2005年间收治的中枢神经系统感染性疾病的住院病例进行回顾性分析。结果 10年间我院共收治中枢神经系统感染性疾病的患者3929例,其中病毒性脑(膜)炎2506例(63.8%),脑囊虫病682例(17.4%),结核性脑膜炎(简称结脑)411例(10.4%),化脓性脑膜炎(简称化脑)303例(7.7%),隐球菌性脑膜炎(简称隐脑)27例(0.7%)。2001-2005年,病毒性脑(膜)炎、结脑、化脑、隐脑的病例数较前5年分别增加了53.5%、21.3%、35.3%、77.3%。脑囊虫病病例数较前5年下降了32.4%。病毒性脑(膜)炎主要集中在7～9月份,结脑主要集中在4～6月份。病毒性脑(膜)炎、脑囊虫病、结脑、化脑、隐脑的病死率分别为8.1%、6.9%、22.4%、12.9%、33.3%。结论近5年来,中枢神经系统感染性疾病在河北省石家庄市附近局部有增加的趋势,应该提高警惕,做好防治工作。

Objective To investigate the clinical characteristics of infectious diseases of CNS. Methods Inpatients treated in the second hospital of Hebei Medical University from 1996 to 2005 were subjected to retrospective study. Results During 10 years, the hospitalization number of infectious diseases of CNS was 3929. The proportion of inpatients with viral meningitis （ encephalitis ）, cerebral cysticereosis, tuberculous meningitis （TBM）, purulent meningitis （PM） and cryptococcal meningitis （CM） was 63. 8%, 17.4%, 7.7%, 0. 7% respectively. The hospitalization number of viral meningitis （encephalitis）, TBM, PM and CM in the 2001-2005 5-year period was 53.5%, 21.3%, 35.3%, and 77.3% higher than that of the 1996-2000 period. Whereas the hospitalization number of cerebral cysticereosis decreased by 32.4% than that of the last 5 years. The peak months of viral meningitis （encephalitis） in a year were July, August and September. The peak months of TBM in a year were April, May and June. The case fatality of viral meningitis （ encephalitis）, cerebral cysticereosis, TBM, PM and CM was 8. 1%, 6.9%, 22.4%, 12. 9%, 33.3% respectively. Condusions In the past 10 years, the incidence of common infectious diseases of CNS has increased in Shijiazhuang except cerebral cysticereoids. Our vigilance should be improved and some effective measures should be adopted to keep away infectious diseases of CNS.