居室粉螨抗原与螨过敏性哮喘相关性研究

Association of acaridida allergen and mites allergic asthma in some dwellings

目的:检测张家港市部分居室粉螨抗原及浓度,探讨其与螨过敏性哮喘发作的相关性。方法:收集过敏性哮喘患者及健康者居室床面、地面、家具、空调隔尘网及空气中的灰尘样本,用PCR法检测Der f1、Der f2、Der p1、Der p2阳性率,并用ELISA分别定量检测Der f1、Der p1及Der变应原含量。结果:共收集样本400份,过敏性哮喘患者与健康者居室Der f1、Der f2、Der p1、Der p2基因阳性率无显著性差异(P>0.05),但过敏性哮喘患者居室样本中这些变应原浓度>10μg/g者所占比例显著少于健康者(P<0.05)。对过敏性哮喘患者进行问卷调查结果显示,近期哮喘发作者Der f1、Der f2、Der p1、Der p2浓度>2μg/g所占比例明显高于近期哮喘未发作者(P<0.01)。结论:个体特异性是螨过敏性哮喘患者患病的重要因素,居室粉螨抗原浓度<2μg/g较安全。

Objective： To investigate the indoor levels of acaridida allergen in some dwellings of Zhangjiagang city, and the association with mites allergic asthma. Methods： Acaridida allergen in dust from five different positions of houses from 40 patients with mites allergic asthma and 40 normal control were collected and detected by PCR and ELISA. Results： 400 samples were collected, then the positive ratio of Der f 1, Der f 2, Der p 1 and Der p 2 gene were carried out in both groups, and there was no stasistical difference between patients and normal control （P〉0. 05）. The proportion of patients＇ house dust with acaridida allergen level of 〉 10μg/g was significantly less than normal control （P〈0. 05）. According to the questionnaire, the proportion of house dust from patients who bad asthmatic attack recently with acaridida allergen level of 〉2μg/g was significantly higher than those who had asthmatic attacked long before （P〈0. 01）. Conclusion： Individual specificity may be the major influencing factor of mite allergic asthma, and the safe level of acaridida allergen is bellow 2μg/g dust.