陆地棉γ_2代主要经济性状变异研究

Study on Variation of Major Economic Traits in Cotton γ 2 Generation

采用６０Ｃｏγ射线６．４５Ｃ／ｋｇ处理高产优质品种（系）鄂棉１５和０５①００６，研究其γ２代正常型和非正常型的主要经济性状的变异。结果表明：γ２代的籽棉产量、皮棉产量、单株铃数、单铃重、衣分、衣指、籽指、纤维长度等数量性状发生了明显的变异：扩大了变异范围，提高了变异程度，增加了有利变异的频率，出现了高出对照相应性状最大值的单株。在γ２代非正常型中，有利于选出产量较高、结铃性较强、纤维较长、较早熟的单株；γ射线辐射对不同材料的效应是不同的：欲增加皮棉产量，０５①００６γ２代宜在正常型中选择，鄂棉１５γ２代宜在非正常型中选择；在０５①００６γ２代的非正常型和鄂棉１５γ２代的正常型中，易选出铃重高的单株；在鄂棉１５γ２代中，利于选出高衣指的单株，但不宜在０５①００６γ２代中选择。

A variety and a line, with high yield and top quality, 'Emian 15' and '05①006' were treated with gamma rays from cobalt 60 at the dose of 6.45 C/kg, the variation of major economic traits of normal type and abnormal type of the γ 2 generation was studied. The results indicated that distinct variation has taken place in such quantitative characteristics as seed cotton yield, lint yield, boll number per plant, boll weight, lint percent, lint index, seed index, fibre length, which showed as followed: widening the range of variation, increasing the degree of variation, enhancing the frequency of benificial variation, presenting single plants whose traits exceeded the biggest value that of the control, too. Among abnormal type of γ 2 generation, individual plants which were possessed of high yield, stronger boll growing, longer fibre length, more early maturing were easy to pick out relativedly; the effect of irradiation from γ-rays is different for various materials: to improve lint yield, it was best for '05①006' γ 2 generation chosing among normal type and for 'Emian 15'γ 2 generation chossing among abnormal type; Among the abnormal type of Emian 15 γ 2 generation, single plants having high boll weight are available for selecting; its apt get single plants which were possessed of high lint index among 'Emian 15' γ 2 generation, but was not suiable to screen among '05①006' γ 2 generation for that trait.