鄱阳湖流域沉积物中重金属研究及环境意义

Environment significance and Research of Heavy Metal in the Sediments of Poyang Lake basin

随着社会经济的发展,鄱阳湖受到的污染越来越严重。其中位于饶河乐安河中下游的我国目前最大的铜矿——江西德兴铜矿以及位于信江中游的永平铜矿开采中产生的含重金属酸性废水是导致鄱阳湖部分区域重金属污染的主要点源。许多研究表明,湖泊表面沉积物是重金属污染物进入湖泊后迁移的重要归宿,它记录了人类工业文明中各种污染物质的来源、分布、迁移和转化的历史,是追溯重金属污染的程度重要工具。湖泊沉积物中重金属聚集主要与周边地区人类的活动有关,其垂向变化反映了人类活动与自然环境相互作用的历史,是评价环境现状及演变趋势,探测湖泊污染历史的最佳工具。沉积物中的重金属是水环境污染的指示者,能明显地反映出水体区域所受到的污染程度。

Along with the social economy development, the pollution of Poyang Lake has become more and more serious. Jiangxi DeXing copper mine, the largest outcrop mine in Asia, and Yongping copper mine , which is located near in XingJiang River, cause the Poyang Lake partial region heavy metal pollution . Many research indicated that the lake surface sediments is the heavy metal home after they return to the lake, it has recorded each kind of polution matters＇ origin, the distribution, the migration and the transformed history, which of the human industry civilization. It is the important tool, which traces the heavy metals＇ polution the degree.The accumulation of the heavy metal in the lake sediments is related with the locality humanity＇s activities, its＇ vertical change has reflected the history of the human activities and the natural environment affect mutually.