瘦素介导的细胞内信号途径在创面愈合中的作用

ROLES OF LEPTIN-MEDIATED INTRACELLULAR SIGNALING PATHWAYS ON WOUND HEALING

目的综述瘦素(Leptin)介导的细胞内信号途径及其对创面愈合作用的研究进展。方法广泛查阅近年文献,对Leptin理化性质、受体作用机制、受体相关的细胞内信号途径及其在皮肤和黏膜创面愈合中的作用进行综述。结果Leptin是一种由ob基因表达、相对分子质量为16×103的蛋白激素,通过结合其特异性受体,活化Janus激酶/信号传导及转录活化子途径、丝裂原活化的蛋白激酶通路和磷脂酰肌醇-3-激酶通路等主要信号途径,参与机体能量代谢、体重平衡、创伤愈合等多种功能的调控。Leptin受体广泛存在于机体各种组织,提示Leptin功能的多向性。皮肤创伤后局部Leptin表达增多,能促进角化细胞增殖、上皮形成、成纤维细胞增殖和胶原合成,起到加速创伤修复的作用。黏膜损伤或黏膜细菌感染后Leptin表达也显著增高,可通过调节黏膜腺体分泌、改善黏膜血流量以及与内皮素1协同作用来促进黏膜损伤的修复。结论Leptin能够通过活化其受体相关的细胞内信号途径促进创面愈合。

Objective To study the leptin-mediated intracellular signal pathways and their effects on wound healing. Methods The literature was reviewed extensively, concerning the physical and chemical characters of leptin, the mechanism of its receptor action, the receptor-related intracellular signal pathways and their roles on wound healing. Results Leptin was a protein hormone expressed by ob gene with relative molecular mass 16× 10^3, it could activate the main singal pathways such as Janus kinase/signal transducer and activator of transcription, mitogen- activated protein kinases and phosphoinositide-3-kinase pathways through binding with its specific receptor, to participate in the modulation of multiple functions including energy metabolism, weight balance and wound healing. Leptin receptors were widely distributed in various tissues, which suggest the multiple functions of leptin. Local leptin expression was increased after skin injured, and it could stimulate keratinocytes proliferation, epithelialization, fibroblast proliferation and collagen synthesis, resulting in accelarated wound repair. Leptin expression was significantly increased after mucosal injury or bacteria infections, leading to accelarated mucosal repair through modulation of mucosal glandular secretion, improvment of mucosal blood flow, and synergistic action with endothelin-1. Conclusion Leptin can promote wound healing through activating its receptor-related intracellular signal pathways.