不同水肥模式单季水稻生长特性研究

The Growth Characteristics of Single-Cropping Rice in Different Combinations of Irrigation and Fertilization

通过田间试验,对比不同灌溉模式与施肥方式的组合对单季水稻分蘖、根系生长、叶面积指数、产量和水分生产率的影响。研究表明：节水灌溉模式下（薄露灌、间歇灌）,水稻分蘖优于常规灌溉,并且3次施肥处理的最终分蘖量好于2次施肥;水稻根系长度和根毛总量均大于常规灌溉;不同灌溉模式对水稻叶面积指数影响不显著;节水灌溉加3次施肥处理的实测产量略大于常规处理,每公顷增产150～450 kg。另外,节水灌溉模式可显著提高单季水稻的水分生产率,生育期用水可减少10%～30%。

Through field experiment,we compared the influences of different combinations of irrigation and fertilization on the tiller,root growth,the leaf area index,yield,and water productivity of single-cropping rice.The aim of this study was to explore the mechanism of water conservation and yield increasing of single-cropping rice.The results show that the tiller of rice under water-saving irrigation（thin layer and dry irrigation or alternate dry and wetting） is better than conventional irrigation,and the tiller of three-split fertilization is better than that of two-split;the root length and total root hair are greater than conventional irrigation;the influence of different irrigation on the leaf area index is not significant,but the yield of water-saving irrigation and three-split fertilization is greater than conventional treatment,with yield increment of 10～30 kg/mu.Besides,water-saving irrigation can improve water productivity significantly,and save 10%～30% of irrigation water during growing stages.