摘要
综述了60多年来对汇流口水流的研究成果,提出汇流口分为"Y"形汇流口与"非对称"形汇流口两类。汇流口水流存在水流停滞区、流速偏向区、分离区、流速加速区、混合层区等。影响汇流口的主要控制因素有:汇流比、汇流角、河床高差、宽深比、汇流口下游干流弗劳德数等。尽管对汇流口水流的研究已经获得了丰硕的成果,但依然存在不少的问题:①对"Y"形汇流口研究较少;②汇流口水面形态的研究存在争论;③有无螺旋流及螺旋流形式存在争议;④实验室研究成果与野外实测成果存在差异。
This paper reviews over sixty-year research on channel confluence and presents that there are two types of channel confluences,which are ＂Y＂ shaped junction and asymmetrical confluence in nature.There are five different zones,namely,regions of flow stagnation,deflection,separation,acceleration and mixing at channel confluence.All of them are controlled by following factors： discharge ratio,junction angle,difference in bed height,width to depth ratio and Froude number downstream the confluences.Though great achievements have been gained,there are following problems existing：① few researches on ＂Y＂ shaped junction have been done;②there are some disagreements on the pattern of water surface at confluence;③there are some different opinions on helical flow and its forms at confluence;④there are some differences between laboratory experiment and field observations.
出处
《中国农村水利水电》
北大核心
2007年第10期82-86,共5页
China Rural Water and Hydropower
关键词
汇流比
分离区
河床高差
螺旋流
discharge ratio
flow separation
difference of bed height
helical flow
