福州市健康人群中乙肝病毒感染的检测分析

Detection of Hepatitis B Virus Infection Among Fuzhou Population

目的了解福州市健康人群中乙肝病毒感染情况及HBV流行株的基因分布特性,为福州市乙型肝炎防制工作提供科学依据。方法采用ELISA方法检测乙肝病毒免疫学标志物,应用荧光定量PCR检测HBV-DNA含量,用型特异性引物套式PCR进行乙型病毒基因分型。结果1710份样品中HBsAg、HBsAb、HBeAg、HBeAb、HBcAb阳性率分别为12.51%、50.23%、2.40%、16.73%、60.18%;201份HBsAg阳性样品中HBV-DNA阳性率为76.12%;HBV-DNA阳性标本中,B型62份(41.89%)、C型57份(38.51%)、B、C混合型7份(4.73%)、未能分型22份(14.86%)。结论福州市健康人群中HBsAg携带率为12.51%,高于全国平均水平,HBV基因型以B、C型为主,应该加强乙肝的预防控制工作。

Objective To investigate the present status of hepatitis B virus infection and the genetic characteristics of HBV in Fuzhou, and to provide a scientific basis for the effective prevention and control of hepatitis B. Methods Serological markers of hepatitis B virus among the 1,710 apparently healthy persons in Fuzhou were determined by ELISA; HBV- DNA content was detected by fluorescent quantification- PCR （FQ- PCR）; and genotypes of HBV were detected by nested PCR with multiples of primers. Results The positive rate of HBsAg, HBsAb, HBeAg, HBeAb and HBcAb was 12.51%, 50.23%, 2.40%, 16.73%, and 60.18% respectively in the 1,710 specimens. The positive rate of HBV- DNA was 76. 12% in the 201 HBsAg positive specimens. Among the 148 HBV- DNA positive specimens, 62 （41.89%） were genotype B, 57（38.51% ） were genotype C, 7 （4.73 % ） were mixed genotype B and C, and 22 （14.86 % ） was uncertain genotype. Conclusion Genotype B and genotype C are the dominant HBV genotypes in Fuzhou, and the positive rate of HBsAg is higher than the average level in China. It is necessary to strengthen the active prevention and control on hepatitis B.