基质金属蛋白酶在子癎前期胎盘组织中的表达意义

The expression of matrix metalloproteinase in placenta tissues of patients with pre-eclampsia and its significance

目的观察基质金属蛋白酶-2（MMP-2）和MMP-9在胎盘组织中表达,并探讨MMPs与子前期的关系。方法轻、重度子癎前期各10例为研究组,选取正常妊娠10例作为对照组。采用免疫组化SP法检测各组胎盘组织中MMP-2和MMP-9的表达。结果正常孕妇胎盘组织中见大量阳性细胞,主要为细胞滋养细胞与合体滋养细胞。子癎前期组MMP-2和MMP-9阳性细胞分布与正常孕妇组基本一致,但轻、重度子癎前期组阳性细胞数量明显减少,染色减弱;MMP-2和MMP-9的表达在正常孕妇组、轻度子癎前期组及重度子前期组依次降低,组间差异有统计学意义（P〈0.01）。结论与正常妊娠相比,妊娠晚期MMP-2和MMP-9在子癎前期胎盘的表达明显减少,胎盘中MMPs的表达可反映子前期的疾病严重程度。

Objective To observe the expression of MMP-2 and MMP-9 in placenta tissues and investigate the relationship between MMPs and pre-clampsia. Methods 10 cases of normal pregnant （NP） women were selected as control groups, 10 cases of light pre-eclampsia patients and 10 cases of severe pre-eclampsia patients were selected as study group. There were no remarkable difference between two groups in age and pregnant week. The expressions of MMP-2 and MMP-9 in placenta tissues were detected by the immunohistochemistry. Results There were plenty of positive cells in placenta tissues of NP women, which were made of cytotrophoblast cells and syncytiotrophoblast cells. The distribution of MMP-2 and MMP-9 were no different between the pre-eclampsia groups and control groups. But in light and severe pre-eclampsia, the number of positive cells decreased significantly, and the immunostaining intensity weakened. The expression of MMP-2 and MMP-9 decreased in turn among the control groups, the light pre-eclampsia groups and the severe pre-eclampsia groups. The expression of MMP-2 and MMP-9 had significant difference among 3 groups （ P 〈 0. 01 ）. Conclusion Compared with the normal control group, the expression of MMP-2 and MMP-9 in placenta tissues of pre-eclampsia in late pregnancy decreased remarkably, and the severity of the disease could be estimated through the expression of MMPs .