黑河中游地区水账户核算研究

Water Accounting for Middle Reaches of Heihe River Basin

利用国际水管理研究院的水资源核算框架,对黑河中游地区的水资源利用进行分析。研究结果表明,黑河中游地区消耗了整个流域绝大部分水量,可利用水的消耗比例为1.02,水资源利用处于不可持续状态;但消耗水量中,生产性消耗比例和有益消耗比例分别只有0.284和0.428,整个地区的无效消耗水量较多,水分生产率很低。黑河中游地区的节水方向在于尽可能地减少无效益蒸发蒸腾,提高单位消耗水量的经济产出。

In order to identify the opportunities for saving water and solve water crisis, we introduce water accounting system, which is developed by International Water Management Institute （IMMI）. Water accounting system provides a clear view of water resources in a river basin where water is going, how it＇s being used, and how much remains available for further use. Based on water balance equation, we establish the water account in Heihe middle reaches region in 2002 year. The result showed： all most of the water in Heihe river basin has been used at the middle reaches of the river basin, all the available water was depleted in 2002 year, there is no scope to increase water supply. But the ratio of process depleted to available water is around 0. 284, beneficial depleted fraction is about 0. 428, even if not considering water circle processes at the non-use land, the beneficial depleted fraction only reach to 0. 647 around. There are too much non-beneficial water depleted amount for the whole region, and water productivity is low. The only way to save water is produce more output from the depleted water, and this can be done by transfer non-beneficial depleted water use to beneficial use or reallocating water from lower value to higher value uses in order to improve water productivity.