《孙子兵法》的地缘思想

Thought of Relations Formed through Geographical Links in Military Science of Sun Tzu

在古代军事技术水平低的条件下,地缘因素对战争施加了重要的甚至是决定性的影响。《孙子兵法》客观分析了在战争准备与实施过程中如何把握与利用地缘因素,并且第一次从理论高度对此予以系统总结。其地缘思想体现在军事、外交、经济、心理诸领域,具体表现为"并力一向,千里杀将"的地缘战略思想,"因地制胜"的地缘战术思想,"陷之死地然后生"的地缘心理思想,"衢地则合交"的地缘外交思想,"取用于国,因粮于敌"的地缘经济思想。

Under the circumstances of ancient low military technology, the relations formed through geographical links imposed important or decisive influence on warfare. In Military Science of Sun Tzu , the element of relations formed through geographical links is objectively analyzed on how to employ it in military preparation and enforcement, and it is the first time that it has been systematically summarized. The thought of relations formed through geographical links in Military Science of Sun Tzu is reflected in military, diplomatic, economic and psychological fields. To be specific, they are ＂Even marching from a distance of a thousand li, you can kill his general＂, that is, the strategic thought of relations formed through geographical links. ＂An army manages its victory in accordance with the ground. ＂that is, the tactics thought of relations formed through geographical links. ＂Put the army in desperate ground and they will live. ＂that is, the psychological thought of relations formed through geographical links. ＂In focal ground, ally with neighboring states. ＂that is, the diplomatic thought of relations formed through geographical links. ＂ Carry military equipment from the homeland, but rely on the enemy for provisions. ＂that is, the economic thought of relations formed through geographical links.