美国遏制战略的历史考量

A Historical Review of USA's Policy of Containment

二战后推行了40多年以遏制全球共产主义扩张为核心内容的遏制战略是美国的全球"总战略",①也是冷战时期美国的核心战略;该战略从1947年正式形成,直到苏联解体后才被放弃。美国当局认为遏制战略取得了成功,即冷战取得了胜利;然而通过考察遏制战略的实质及演变历史我们发现,美国的遏制战略实际上存在着明显的战略缺陷。

The policy of containment, exercised for more than 40 years after WWII in resistance to the Communist expansion in the world, was USA＇ s general global tactics as well as its central policy during the Cold-War period. Taking shape in 1947, it worked until the collapse of USSR. The USA government claimed, therefore, that the policy had been a success ; that is, USA had won the Cold War. A review of the essence of the policy and its evolution shows, however, that there are evident tactic defects in the policy itself.