建筑工地流动民工性病艾滋病感染及相关特征调查

Investigation on the characteristics of STD/AIDS infections among floating construction workers

目的了解建筑工地流动民工性病艾滋病防治知识水平、求医行为以及梅毒、HIV感染情况,探求适宜于该群体的健康教育与干预的模式。方法调查上海市康桥、宝山工地及苏州工业园建筑工地流动民工599人,对他们进行一般情况、艾滋病基本知识、求医行为、获取相关信息的途径、危险性行为等方面的问卷调查,同时对其中571名流动民工抽血进行梅毒(RPR、TPHA)、HIV检测。结果调查对象599人中,男性483人,女性116人;平均年龄36.14±10.01岁。调查对象中正式工358人,临时工241人,正式工较之临时工的性病艾滋病知识的知晓率高,差异有统计学意义。两组人群对蚊虫叮咬不传播答对率最低(分别为33%;25.3%)。调查对象梅毒感染率为1.4%,HIV感染率为0。结论建筑工地流动民工以青壮年男性居多,艾滋病防治知识偏低,缺乏正确的就医行为,是性病艾滋病感染和传播的重点人群。

Objective To understand the level of knowledge about prevention and treatment of STD/AIDS, health seeking behaviors and the prevalence of syphilis and HIV in floating construction workers, and to explore an appropriate pattern of health education and intervention in this population. Methods 599 floating workers were randomly selected in Shanghai Kangqiao, Baoshan construction sites and the building site of Suzhou Industry Field. The questionnaire concerning aspects of general status, basic knowledge of AIDS, health seeking behaviors, route of getting relevant information, risk behaviors, etc. was conducted, the blozd sample was drawn from 571 workers for syphilis test （RPR, TPHA） and HIV test. Results 599 subjects included 483 male and 116 female, with average age 36.14 ± 10. 01 years. 358 of them were regular workers and 241 temporary workers. The level of AIDS knowledge in regular workers was higher than that in temporary workers with a statistical difference. The correct answer rate of question ＂Mosquito can not transmit STD/AIDS＂ was the lowest in both populations （33% and 25.3% respectively ） .The rate of syphilis infection was 1.4%. Conclusion Most of floating construction workers were young and mid-aged males. They lacked the knowledge of STD/AIDS prevention and treatment and right behavior of health seeking, and thus it might result in the AIDS transmission and epidemics.