口腔颌面部损伤300例的法医学分析

Analysis of 300 cases of oromaxillofacial injuries

目的探讨口腔颌面部损伤的一般特点及法医学鉴定特点,以期为涉及口腔颌面部损伤的法医学鉴定提供参考依据。方法收集山西医科大学司法鉴定中心2003-2006年涉及口腔颌面部损伤鉴定的300例资料,对其性别、年龄、职业、损伤部位、损伤程度、鉴定时间以及后遗症等情况进行统计分析。结果伤者以男性居多,占78.3%(235/300);年龄段以21-40岁最多,占48.0%(144/300);职业以农民为主,占63%(189/300);损伤程度以轻微伤最多,占72.3%(217/300);鉴定时间多在损伤后6个月内,占81.7%(245/300);损伤部位以眼部、额部多见,占52.3%(157/300)。结论在口腔颌面部损伤中,受伤人员以男性青壮年为主,损伤程度轻微伤最多,损伤部位以眼部、额部多见,对口腔颌面部损伤的鉴定时间,应具体情况具体分析;在进行鉴定时应充分考虑后遗症及并发症对鉴定结果的影响。

Objective To explore the common characteristics of oromaxillo-facial injuries and their characteristics of medicolegal expertise,and to offer reference for assessment and prevention of oromaxillo-facial injuries. Methods According to the standard of disability evaluation,the data of 300 cases were analyzed retrospectively.Results Of 300 cases,there were 235 male patients（78.3%）;the patients aged 21-40 years accounted for 48.0%（144/300）;the peasants accounted for 63.0%（189/300）;the wounds were mainly found in the eyes and frontal regions（52.3%,157/300）;the minute injury was 72.3%（217/300）;and the time for assessment was mainly 1-6 months（81.7%,245/300）.Conclusion The oromaxillo-facial injuries most happens in male youth,are mainly minute injury,and are mainly found in the eyes and frontal regions.And the correct assessment time for body impairment is also important.The results suggest that we should consider the effect of residual and complication on medicolegal expertise.