水电站调压室内三维湍流场数值模拟

Numerical simulation of 3D turbulent flow in surge tanks of hydropower stations

运用计算流体动力学方法(CFD)对某抽水蓄能电站尾水调压室进行了数值模拟。计算时选用适合调压室流动特性的Realizablek-ε湍流模型,采用标准SIMPLE算法,离散格式采用一阶迎风格式。计算结果揭示了调压室内流道流场的速度及压力分布规律,并据此计算出调压室水头损失系数。将水头损失系数计算结果与水力模型试验结果进行比较,发现采用CFD方法计算得到的结果不论在变化规律上还是数值上均可达到与模型试验结果相当的精度,表明CFD方法可以应用于调压室的设计和优化中。

The method of computational fluid dynamics （CFD） was adopted for numerical simulation of tailrace surge tanks of pumped storage power stations. In the calculation, the Realizable k-ε turbulence model suitable for reflecting the flow characteristics in surge tanks was selected, and the standard SIMPLE algorithm and the first order upwind scheme were adopted. The calculated result reveals the distribution of flow velocity and pressure in flow channel in surge tanks, and thus, the coefficients of head loss of surge tanks were obtained. It is found that the calculated result of the coefficients of head loss by the CFD method is almost the same accuracy as those of model tests. Therefore, the CFD method can be used for design and optimization of surge tanks.