绵阳城区白鹭(Egretta garzetta)繁殖期与非繁殖期行为活动节律与时间分配比较

A Comparison of the Time Allotment and Activity Rhythm of Egretta Garzetta in the City Zone of Mianyang in Its Reproductive and Non-reproductive Period

行为节律是一种复杂的生物学显现,它是动物对各种环境变化的一种综合适应。为了探索绵阳城区分布的白鹭(Egretta garzetta)在繁殖期前后行为节律,2005年冬季和2006年春季,利用扫描取样法与目标取样法对四川省绵阳市白鹭昼间行为节律进行了野外研究。结果表明:在白鹭的各种行为中,用于休息的时间最多(46.1%),其次为采食行为(35.9%),玩耍行为(9.3%)和清洁行为(8.7%)。白鹭的昼间行为规律以上午(10:00-13:00)和傍晚(16:00-18:00)活动为主,早上(08:00-10:00)和下午(13:00-17:00)主要是休息,有两个采食和休息高峰,采食和休息行为表现出明显的差异,采食的高峰期则为休息的低谷期;白鹭的玩耍和清洁行为在一天内有2个明显的高峰期,位于09:00-12:00和12:00-14:00之间。白鹭在繁殖季节与非繁殖季节行为发生频次差异显著(P<0.05)。白鹭在繁殖期与非繁殖期行为发生时间与发生频次都具有显著差异,这对减少人类活动对城市野生动物影响方面具有比较重要的意义。

Behavioral rhythm is a complex biological characteristic, and it results from animals extensive adaptation to their habitats. To investigate the variation of egrets＇ time allotment and behavioral rhythm between rut and non - rut season, field work has been carried out between the winter of 2005 and the spring of 2006 in the urban range of Mianyang city. The results show that time allotment of this species varied significantly （ P 〈 0.05） ; and oceurrent frequency of feeding , resting, playing and cleaning varied significantly between rut and non - rut period （P 〈 0. 05）. The present study would be helpful in conserving city biodiversity, especially in decreasing the impacts of human activities on city biodiversity.