0～2岁儿童低血红蛋白与铅中毒对智能发育的影响

The affection of lead poisoning and lower hemoglobin to infants' mentality development

目的：了解铅中毒、低血红蛋白对儿童智能发育的影响及相关性。方法：在城区初级保健门诊随机对201例0～2岁儿童检测血铅、血红蛋白及发育指数。采用CDCC量表，通过智力发育指数（MDI）、心理运动发育指数（PDI）评估儿童智商状况。结果：血铅≥100μg／L32例，占15．92％，其MDI均值为（94．18±9．49），PDI均值为（91．43±10．70）。正常对照组MDI均值为（106．18±16．24），PDI均值为（94．42±12．55），两组相比智力发育有明显差异。血红蛋白≤110g／L24例，占11．94％，均为轻度贫血，其MDI为（102．25±16．50），PDI为（88．95±11．33），两项指标均为低水平，但差异不显著。结论：与轻度贫血相比，铅中毒更能导致婴幼儿智力发育落后，低浓度铅中毒与贫血相关性尚不明显。

Objective： To understand the affection of lead poisoning and lower hemoglobin to infants＇mentality development and the correlation between lead poisoning and lower hemoglobin. Methods： Random sampling infants who were from city primary health care clin- ic. Testing the lead content in blood, hemoglobin and developmental index of these infants, then by using CDCC checklist, assessing the IQ level of these infants through MDI and PDI. Results： 32 infants （ 15. 92% ） were found had lead content in blood≥100 μg/L The average MDI and PDI of these 32 infants were 94. 18±9.49 and 91. 434 ± 10. 70. Compared the indexes with the standard group, which got an average MDI of 106. 18 ± 16. 24 and average PDI of 94. 42 ± 12. 55, there was a significant difference in IQ developmental level between the two groups. 24 infants （11.94%） were found had the lower hemoglobin ≤110 g/L. These 24 infants were all proved to have mild anemia. The average MDI and PDI of them were 102. 25 ± 16. 50 and 88. 95± 11. 33. Compared with the standard group, we found though the indexes of these 24 infants were lower than the standard indexes, the difference between them were not sharp. Conclusion： Comparing with mild anemia, lead poisoning is more harmful to infants＇mentality evelopment. The correlation between low concentration of lead poisoning and nemia is still not very clear now.