玉米水平畦灌与膜上灌复合最优组合方案研究

On optimum combination scheme under condition of level-border irrigation and plastic film hole irrigation for corn

为了研究玉米水平畦灌与膜上灌复合节水节肥的效果,采用正交试验法,在沙性土壤上,对复合灌水条件下的水平畦田规格、灌水定额和施肥方式3因素的最优组合方案进行了试验研究.结果表明,3因素中影响玉米产量的主要因素是灌水定额、施肥方式,次要因素是水平畦田规格;在一定范围内,玉米产量随着水平畦田规格的增大而减小,随着灌水定额的增大而增加;施肥方式为缓释肥料一次穴施不培土时产量最高,其次是分次穴施不培土,一次穴施不培土时产量最低.由3因素对玉米生理性状及产量的影响分析结果得出:水平畦田规格为0.133 hm2、灌水定额为1 050 m3/hm2、施肥方式为缓释肥料一次穴施不培土时为试验最优组合方案.

It was carried out to optimize combination scheme experiment of three factors among level-border specifications, irrigation quota and fertilizer methods under the condition of level-border＋plastic film irrigation for corn in the sand of soil by cross experiment methods. The result indicates that the main factor affecting corn production is irrigation quota, fertilizer methods, a secondary factor is level-border specifications. In a certain range, yield decrease with the level-border specifications increase, yield increase with the irrigation quota increase. Yield is the highest for fertilizer methods that is one-off hole postponed fertilizer, the second time for two-off hole fertilizer and the lowest for one-off hole fertilizer. According to variance analysis of corn physiological characteristics and yield, the optimum combination scheme of the three factors is at level-border specifications 0.133 hm^2, irrigation quota 1 050 m^3/hm^2 and fertilizer methods that is one-off hole postponed fertilizer through analysis of physiological properties and yield for corn.