高速磁浮车辆车桥耦合机制的探讨

Discussion on High-speed Maglev Vehicle′s Coupling Mechanism between Vehicle and Bridge

为了研究在高架轨道梁上的磁浮动力作用,利用磁浮车动力学与控制的模块化组装模型技术,分析了道梁挠度对磁浮关系稳定性的影响,并对车桥耦合机制问题进行了预研究。磁浮关系是电磁悬浮力与悬浮气隙及其一次、二次导数间的约束关系。如果悬浮系统具有低频高回路增益,道梁挠度摄动不会影响磁浮关系的稳定性。否则,若低频回路增益并不足够大,气隙波动对悬浮系统形成明显的非线性影响,其固有频率也有明显的摄动。由于悬浮模块与悬浮框架的搭接结构,悬浮框架具有产生高频自振的力学条件。在磁浮车辆的3级悬挂中,即电磁悬挂、一系悬挂(橡胶悬挂)和二系悬挂(摇枕空簧),前两者固有频率接近时,悬浮框架产生高频自振,并以机械—电磁能量转换形式,使磁浮动力作用产生高频扰动,进而引起轨道共振。

For the investigation of maglev dynamical action on elevated gnideway, the influence of gnideway beam deformation upon the stability of maglev element is analyzed, and the predictive study of coupling mechanism problem between vehicle and bridge is presented with the module- based assembly technique of maglev train＇s dynamics and control system.The maglev element describes the relations between electromagnetic levitating forces and the variations of the levitating gap and the first and second derivatives. For the maglev suspension system with high loop gain at low- frequency section, the perturbation of guideway beam＇ s deformation does not affect the stability of maglev element. Otherwise, if the loop gain at low- frequency is not large enough, the obvious nonlinear influence of gap variation upon maglev suspension system can be seen, and its inherent frequency＇s disturbance can be apparent, too.Due to the joining- construction between mnglev module and levitating frame, the levitating frames have the mechamic＇s condition of high - frequency self- excited vibration. In mnglev vehicle＇s three - stage suspensions such as electro- magnetic suspension, primary suspension （rubber- suspennsion） and secondary suspension （half- bolster and airspring）, when the former two inherent frequencies are close to each other, the levitating frames will be vibrated high - frequently, which cause the maglev dynamical action varied very quickly in the transmitting form of mechanical and electro- magnetic energies, and result in the gnideway beam＇s resonance.