中产阶级与近代英国城市郊区扩展

The Middle Class and Suburb Expansion in the Modern Britain

在18—19世纪城市化进程中,英国的中产阶级逐渐成长,到19世纪中叶基本形成。为逃避市区的环境污染,寻求个人生活的私密性,拥有一定经济收入的英国中产阶级不断向郊区迁移,使英国城市区域向郊外蔓延。他们在郊区租住相对宽敞、篱笆相隔、绿树荫窗的独立或半独立式住宅,"英国人的家就是他的城堡"成为事实。这充分体现了英国社会日益增强的个人主义特征,反映了人们工作和日常生活、工作场所与家庭的分离。

This paper is to describer the complicated relations between middle class and the expansion of suburb in the 19th Century Britain. It first goes to the British urbanization process and the making of the middle class over time, and examines why and when the middle class moved from the city center to the suburb. Secondly it reveals the middle class' house structure, the change of its building structure and settings, and how the building company coped with the new demand. Thirdly, it traces the broad social consequence of the suburbanization.