民族地区农村社会保障问题研究——以湘西土家族苗族自治州地区农村为例

A Study of Rural Social Security Issue in the Ethnic Areas——Taking the Countryside of Tujia-Miao Autonomous Prefecture of Xiangxi as an Example

目前,我国少数民族地区的社会保障制度存在体系不健全、社会保障覆盖面小、整体水平低、管理不规范、立法滞后等若干问题。经济、文化以及现行的土地制度成为建立少数民族地区农村社会保障制度的阻碍因素。建立和完善具有民族地区特色的农村社会保障体系,一是建立少数民族地区农村最低生活保障制度;二是建立社会养老与家庭养老相结合的养老保障制度;三是大力推进新型农村合作医疗制度建设;四是加快少数民族地区社会保障制度的立法工作。

At present, the imperfect system exists in the social security system in the ethnic areas of our country, with less coverage rate of social security, low integrated level, abnormal management and backward legislation. Economy, culture and the current land system become the hindering factors of setting up the rural social security system in the ethnic areas. Setting up and perfecting the social security system with characteristics of ethnic areas should consider the followings： （1） setting up the minimum rural living security system in the ethnic areas; （2） establishing the system combining the social pension and family -supported pension; （3） advancing the new rural cooperative medical service in a more cost - effective manner; （4） accelerating the legislation of the social security system in the ethnic areas.