不同类型问题的关键信息表征及其认知加工研究

A Research on the Key Information Representation of Different Types of Problems and Its Cognitive Process

目的:研究关键信息表征在不同类型问题解决中的作用;方法:本研究使用五种不同类型问题作为实验材料对75名文理科大学生进行问题解决研究,并采用回归统计分析了关键信息、过程策略、信息处理方式三个解题要素对正确解答的效应;结果:(1)关键信息对正确解答作用显著,关键信息表征对正确解题有较好的预测作用;(2)关键信息在不同类型问题解决中的作用有所不同;(3)过程策略对正确解答效应显著。

This article discusses the effect of the key information representation of problem solving. Five types of problem materials were used to test 75 liberal arts and science undergraduates, the effects of three kinds of the problem-solving factors essential to correct answers were analysed. The results were that： （1）The effect of key information on correct answers was evident, and key information representation better forecast correct answers; （2） Key information in difference types of problems had different effects; （3） The process strategy was significant to correct answers.