西部煤矿区规划环评中地下水专题评价方法

Underground-water assessment method for environmental impact assessment in plan of coal mine areas in western China

煤矿区规划环评在我国相对其他领域起步较晚,与之相适应的环评技术导则尚未出台,各评价单位采用的技术方法和思路较为混乱。以我国西部典型煤矿区(榆横、榆神矿区)规划环评为例,利用水文地质学、水资源学理论,结合环境影响评价的基本方法,提出了西部煤矿区规划环评中地下水专题的环境影响评价的方法和思路。研究认为西部煤矿区水资源匮乏和生态环境脆弱是共性,"三水"平衡是评价的基础,将矿区开发对水资源的影响限制在区域水资源承载力范围之内是煤矿区可持续发展的保证。

Plan Environmental Impact Assessment （PEIA） of coal mine area is a new work compared with other fields, therefore no technical guidelines can be followed; the assessment agents conduct the assessment work with various techniques and methods. Taking the PEIA of typical coal mine areas （Yulin-Hengshan and Yulin-Shenmu coal mine areas） in western China as examples, using the theories of hydrogeology and water resources as well as the basic method of EIA, an assessment method of underground water in the PEIA of coal mine area is offered in this paper. It is considered that the shortage of water resources and the friability of ecological environment are the common feature of coal mine areas in western China, ＂three water＂ balance is the foundation of the assessment, and to control the impact of coal mine areas development over water resources within the eapacity of regional water resources is the key to the sustainable development of the coal mine area.