超临界CO_2萃取余甘子籽油及其成分研究

Studies on Supercritical CO_2 Extraction and Chemical Components of Oil from Emblica Seeds

利用超临界CO2萃取(SCDE)技术,采用响应面优化法(RSR),对广东惠州野生余甘子籽油的萃取进行了研究。结果表明,500 g余甘子籽萃取余甘子籽油的最佳工艺条件为:萃取时间103 min,萃取压力19 MPa,萃取温度35℃,在此工艺条件下余甘子籽油得率为26.13%±1.4%。通过GC-MS分析表明,余甘子籽油中含有16种脂肪酸,主要为油酸、亚油酸、亚麻酸和花生四烯酸等不饱和脂肪酸,总GC含量达91.33%。通过分析油的理化参数及生产成本表明,超临界CO2萃取余甘子籽油是一个好的方法,具有工业使用价值。

The technic of extracting oil from emblica （Phyllanthus emblica Linn. ）seeds was studied by supercritical CO2 extraction （SCDE）, and method of response surface regression （RSR） was used to optimize the extraction under various conditions for the optimum yield. Optimal conditions were： extraction pressure 19 MPa, extraction temperature 35 ℃ and extraction time 103 min. Under optimal conditions, the yield is 26.13 % ± 1.4 %. After esterification the oil was analyzed by GC-MS, 16 compounds have been identified and their relative contents were determined by area integration. Emblica seed oil contains an appreciable amount of unsaturated fatty acids, which make up 91.33 % of the total amount of fatty acid. Main unsaturated fatty acids are linolenic acid, linoleic acid and arachidonic acid. Analyses of physical-chemical parameters showed that SCDE method is a good method which can be used industrially.