“通过身体的教育”和“针对身体的教育”辨析

Comments on "education through the physical" and "education of the physical"

通过对美国体育思想发展的回顾,分析美国当代学者对体育的认识,进而辨析"通过身体的教育"和"针对身体的教育"两种观点的异同,得出以下结论,即"通过身体的教育"和"针对身体的教育"两种体育观的主要分歧不在体育手段上,而是在体育目的上。"通过身体的教育"目的众多,与目的的唯一性不符,在实践中表现为教授运动技术,目的是否得以实现无从知晓;"针对身体的教育"目的明确,就是完善人的身体,在实践中表现为健身知识技能的传授。

By reviewing the development of physical education ideology in the United States, the author analyzed modem US scholars＇ understanding of physical education, further identified the similarities and differences between such two physical education views as ＂education through the physical＂ and ＂education of the physical＂, and drew the following conclusions： the main difference between such two physical education views as ＂education through the physical＂ and ＂education of the physical＂ rests with physical education goals instead of physical education means; the ＂education through the physical＂ has various goals, which is in conformity with goal uniqueness, and in practice it shows as the teaching of sports techniques, while it is unknown whether or not its goals are realized; the ＂education of the physical＂ has only one specific goal, namely, to perfect the human body, and in practice it shows as the teaching of fitness knowledge and skills.