技术性贸易壁垒成因:博弈与实证分析

The Cause of Technical Barriers to Trade:Game and Empirical Study

传统研究将政府干预作为技术性贸易壁垒的主要成因,但是这不能解释国家间在技术性贸易壁垒方面存在的明显差距。本文用博弈论和经验检验的方法进行了分析,认为技术水平发展的不对称导致国家间技术性贸易壁垒通报数量的差距,指出政府干预仅仅是技术性贸易壁垒形成的重要步骤和外在因素,技术水平差异才是技术性贸易壁垒形成的内在原因。发达国家由于具备在技术和贸易两方面的优势,更倾向于主动采取设置技术性贸易壁垒的战略,而发展中国家目前被迫采取亦步亦趋的跟从策略。

The formal studies thought the government interference as the cause of the Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT), which could not explain the obvious difference of TBT among the countries. The article analyses the cause of TBT through the game theory and empirical study, and concludes that the government interference is only the procedure and the external cause of the TBT difference, that technological difference is the real reason of TBT difference. The imbalance of technical development results in the quantity difference of TBT in different countries. Also, the article concludes that the developed countries with both of the technical and trade advantage incline to set up TBT initiatively for their own interests, and the developing countries have to adapt themself to TBT.