空间数据库更新过程中增量信息产生原因分析

Reasons of the incremental information occurring in updating spatial database

为了能够实现空间数据新旧版本之间由于时空变化产生的增量信息的快速提取和分发,作者以小比例尺地形数据库中居民地要素为例分析了增量信息产生的原因。提出了基于时空变化类型和数据差的增量信息概念,变化类型描述增量信息的语义,数据差表达增量信息的内容。在此概念的基础上详细地分析了居民地可能发生的各种变化类型及其产生的数据差表达方式。首先将变化分为主观变化和客观变化。主观变化又详细分为3类,客观变化详细分为12类,并且将各种客观变化类型的增量信息的描述形式化,便于计算机中编程实现增量信息的自动化提取。该方法已经成功的应用于中国1∶250 000地形数据库更新信息发布应用系统中。

In order to quickly extract and distribute the incremental information of spatial database, this paper analyses the reasons of the incremental information of spatial database with the instance of residential feature. Firstly, a new concept of increment information is proposed based on the spatial- temporal change type and data delta. The change type describes the semanteme of increment information and data delta describes the content of increment information. Based on this concept, the types of residential change and relevant data deltas are put forward. There are two catalogs of change type, i.e. subjective change and objective change. The subjective change can be divided into three small change types in detail and the objective change into 12 small change types. Additionally, the incremental information resulted from the objective change is formalized. Thus, the automatic extraction of incremental information can be conveniently programmed. The classified result has been applied to the incremental information automatic extracting system of 1：250 000 topographic databases.