合同法的局限:一个劳动关系的视角

The Limits of Contract Law: A Perspective of Labor Relationship

合同法规范合同关系的根据主要依赖于合意理论。受有限理性限制,合同法实际上是以一次性交易为典型调整对象构造其规则体系的,对具有持续性并随时发生变化的劳动合同关系则存在无法克服的调整障碍:劳动合同的成立仅仅意味着劳动关系被启动,随之发展起来的复杂样态远远溢出当初合意所能规划的范围。依合同法固有的法律行为技术进行调整,既缺乏合意根据,也缺乏足够大的规则供给体量。面对由现代企业科层组织塑造的人格从属性劳动关系,以及由此引发的劳资矛盾和冲突,如果仅依赖意思自治,而不引入国家管制和劳工集体力量的约束,是无法实现秩序和公正的。

Contract law aims to adjust one -time transaction and not quite proper for labor relationship. Labor contract only means the beginning of labor relationship, and circumstances aftermath are far complex than what the rules can expect. It is necessary to employ state regulation and collective force of labor to realize order and justice.